Retinoid An Overview Sciencedirect Topics
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Bexarotene, a retinoid, is a selective activator of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) in comparison to the retinoic acid receptor (RAR). When activated, the retinoid receptors function as transcription factors that alter gene expression.
Of the natural retinoid ligands controlling gene expression, all-trans retinoic acid and 9-cis retinoic acid are the most common. Alcohol, ester, and aldehyde forms of vitamin A do not have biological activity in gene expression except as precursors of the carboxylic acid forms.
A retinoid is defined as, a substance that can elicit specific biological responses by binding to and activating a specific receptor or set of receptors, with the program for the biological response of the target cell residing in the retinoid receptor rather than in the retinoid ligand itself [1]. From: Journal of Chromatography Library, 1998.
The term retinoid is used to describe natural or synthetic analogs of retinol, or vitamin A (14). Retinol is a fat-soluble vitamin found in the skin and is required to maintain healthy skin and hair. It is also important for vision, growth and development, immune functions, and reproduction.
Retinoids exert chemopreventive properties in a variety of rodent mammary gland, prostate, bladder, skin, and liver tumor models. Experimental evidence suggests that these compounds act by modulating multiple signal transduction pathways, resulting in direct and indirect effects on gene expression.
Introduction. Retinoids are members, precursors or derivatives of the A vitamins. These include beta carotene, isotretinoin, tretinoin, 9 cis retinoic acid, and etretinate. The pharmacological uses of retinoids are diverse.
Retinol is a primary alcohol with molecular weight 286. Retinol has six biologically active isoforms: all-trans, 11-cis, 13-cis, 9,13-di-cis, 9-cis, and 11,13-di-cis retinoic acid. Retinol and its derivatives are highly unstable in the presence of oxidants and light due to oxidative degradation or isomerization (Blomhoff and Blomhoff, 2006 ...
About this page. Retinoids. Stephen Clark, in xPharm: The Comprehensive Pharmacology Reference, 2007. Therapeutics. The therapeutic uses of retinoids are diverse. These include: Beta-carotene-prevention of vitamin A deficiency, and photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria Sweetman (2002), Budavari (1996).
1. Flowing ossification of the anterolateral aspect of at least four contiguous vertebral bodies. 2. Relative preservation of disc height over the involved segments, and absence of radiographic changes associated with DDD (vacuum sign or discogenic sclerosis). 3. Absence of sacroiliitis and facet ankylosis.
Retinoid derivatives, such as acitretin, have been shown to be effective in the suppression of SCC development, including reduction in actinic keratoses and SCCs.12 Indications for the initiation of systemic retinoids in organ transplant patients are the following: development of multiple SCCs per year (510/year); development of multiple SCCs i...
Siamak Beheshti, in Diagnosis and Management in Dementia, 2020. Retinoid receptors and their distribution in the brain. Different retinoid receptors have been identified so far. A retinoic acid receptor (RAR) that belongs to the family of steroid/thyroid hormone receptors was cloned in 1987.
Retinol - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics. Retinol-binding protein (RBP) is a 21-kDa protein that is hepatically synthesized and responsible for transporting vitamin A from the liver to other tissues. From: Comprehensive Toxicology, 2010. Beta-Carotene. View all Topics. Add to Mendeley. About this page. Biomarkers in metabolic syndrome.
Various natural and synthetic retinoids have been explored for the treatment of aging and many of them have shown histological and clinical improvement, but most of the studies have been carried out in patients presenting with photoaged skin.
The retinoid receptors function to regulate gene expression through the ability to adapt conformations that induce transcriptional activity in the presence of ligand or repress transcriptional activity in its absence.
Oct 11, 2022 Key Summary Points. Tretinoin is the retinoid present in medicines for topical application with the strongest clinical evidence of antiaging activity. Tazarotene and adapalene may be considered as tretinoin alternatives for antiaging treatments. Clinical evidence is lacking for retinoids contained in cosmeceuticals for topical antiaging treatments.
One system utilizing the fluorescence of synthetic retinoids measures the interaction of retinoids with RXR (retinoid X receptors) centered on an umbelliferone-based synthetic rexinoid (retinoid analogue with RXR specificity).
Retinol. A RAE is defined as 1g all-trans-retinol, 12g beta-carotene, or 24g -carotene or -cryptoxanthin. From: Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition), 2013. Related terms: Antioxidant; Carotene; Carotenoid; Beta-Carotene; Retinoic Acid; Vitamin D; Lipids; Vitamin E
Jan 4, 2006 Retinoids in the treatment of skin aging: an overview of clinical efficacy and safety. Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1 (4):327-48. doi: 10.2147/ciia.2006.1.4.327. Authors. Siddharth Mukherjee 1 , Abhijit Date , Vandana Patravale , Hans Christian Korting , Alexander Roeder , Gnther Weindl. Affiliation.
Retinoids (vitamin A derivatives) have dual functions in physiology. 11- cis -Retinal serves as the universal chromophore of the visual pigments in the eye, and the hormonal retinoids, mainly all- trans - and 9- cis -retinoic acid (RA), 2.
Jul 22, 2021 Introduction. Topical retinoids have evolved over the past several decades, being used in an array of dermatological conditions. Some of these approved indications include acne vulgaris, psoriasis, photoaging/rhytides, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and Kaposis sarcoma.
The retinoids, a group of compounds consisting of vitamin A and its derivatives, have been the subject of intense investigation over the past 30 years. These molecules have shown beneficial effects in the areas of acne, psoriasis, neoplastic processes and, most recently, reversal of extrinsically aged skin.
Dec 23, 2019 In this review, we summarize and discuss recent and available evidence from human studies with focus on retinol, retinoic acid, and RBP4 and provide an overview of these crucial components of vitamin A metabolism in CVD, T2DM, and obesity.
Nov 4, 2023 Topical retinoids have demonstrated promise in enhancing skin texture, diminishing fine lines, and augmenting the thickness of both the epidermal and dermal layers. Keywords: skin aging, retinol, collagen, MMPs, TGF-. Go to: 1. Introduction. The passage of time is an inevitable aspect of life, and with it comes the process of aging.
Introduction. Amino acids are a class of important biomolecules that contain both amino groups ( NH 3 +) and carboxylate groups (COO ). In most contexts, the term amino acids refers to the -amino acids, so-called because both the amino and carboxyl groups are attached to the -carbon of the structure depicted in Figure 1 ( a ).
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